Dialects

    All dialects require that an appropriate DBAPI driver is installed.

    The following table summarizes the support level for each included dialect.

    Support Definitions

    Fully tested in CI

    Fully tested in CI indicates a version that is tested in the sqlalchemy CI system and passes all the tests in the test suite.

    Normal support

    Normal support indicates that most features should work, but not all versions are tested in the ci configuration so there may be some not supported edge cases. We will try to fix issues that affect these versions.

    Best effort

    Best effort indicates that we try to support basic features on them, but most likely there will be unsupported features or errors in some use cases. Pull requests with associated issues may be accepted to continue supporting older versions, which are reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

    The following dialects have implementations within SQLAlchemy, but they are not part of continuous integration testing nor are they actively developed. These dialects are deprecated and will be removed in future major releases.

    Currently maintained external dialect projects for SQLAlchemy include:

    Database

    Dialect

    Amazon Redshift (via psycopg2)

    sqlalchemy-redshift

    Apache Drill

    Apache Druid

    pydruid

    Apache Hive and Presto

    Apache Solr

    sqlalchemy-solr

    CockroachDB

    CrateDB

    crate-python

    EXASolution

    Elasticsearch (readonly)

    Firebird

    sqlalchemy-firebird

    Google BigQuery

    Google Sheets

    gsheets

    IBM DB2 and Informix

    Microsoft Access (via pyodbc)

    sqlalchemy-access

    Microsoft SQL Server (via python-tds)

    Microsoft SQL Server (via turbodbc)

    sqlalchemy-turbodbc

    MonetDB

    SAP Hana

    sqlalchemy-hana

    SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere

    Snowflake

    snowflake-sqlalchemy

    Teradata Vantage