dmidecode

    dmidecode命令 可以让你在Linux系统下获取有关硬件方面的信息。dmidecode的作用是将DMI数据库中的信息解码，以可读的文本方式显示。由于DMI信息可以人为修改，因此里面的信息不一定是系统准确的信息。dmidecode遵循SMBIOS/DMI标准，其输出的信息包括BIOS、系统、主板、处理器、内存、缓存等等。

    DMI（Desktop Management Interface,DMI）就是帮助收集电脑系统信息的管理系统，DMI信息的收集必须在严格遵照SMBIOS规范的前提下进行。SMBIOS（System Management BIOS）是主板或系统制造者以标准格式显示产品管理信息所需遵循的统一规范。SMBIOS和DMI是由行业指导机构Desktop Management Task Force(DMTF)起草的开放性的技术标准，其中DMI设计适用于任何的平台和操作系统。

    DMI充当了管理工具和系统层之间接口的角色。它建立了标准的可管理系统更加方便了电脑厂商和用户对系统的了解。DMI的主要组成部分是Management Information Format(MIF)数据库。这个数据库包括了所有有关电脑系统和配件的信息。通过DMI，用户可以获取序列号、电脑厂商、串口信息以及其它系统配件信息。

    2. -h：显示帮助信息。
    3. -s：只显示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string)
    4. -t：只显示指定条目的信息。(type)
    5. -u：显示未解码的原始条目内容。
    6. --dump-bin file：将DMI数据转储到一个二进制文件中。
    7. --from-dump FILE：从一个二进制文件读取DMI数据。
    8. -V：显示版本信息。

    （1）Valid string keywords are：

    • bios-vendor
    • bios-version
    • bios-release-date
    • system-manufacturer
    • system-product-name
    • system-version
    • system-serial-number
    • system-uuid
    • baseboard-manufacturer
    • baseboard-product-name
    • baseboard-version
    • baseboard-serial-number
    • baseboard-asset-tag
    • chassis-manufacturer
    • chassis-type
    • chassis-version
    • chassis-serial-number
    • chassis-asset-tag
    • processor-family
    • processor-manufacturer
    • processor-version
    • processor-frequency

    （2）Valid type keywords are：

    • bios
    • system
    • baseboard
    • chassis
    • processor
    • memory
    • Cache
    • connector
    • slot

    （3）type全部编码列表：

    • BIOS
    • System
    • Base Board
    • Chassis
    • Processor
    • Memory Controller
    • Memory Module
    • Cache
    • Port Connector
    • System Slots
    • On Board Devices
    • OEM Strings
    • System Configuration Options
    • Group Associations
    • System Event Log
    • Physical Memory Array
    • Memory Device
    • 32-bit Memory Error
    • Memory Array Mapped Address
    • Memory Device Mapped Address
    • Built-in Pointing Device
    • Portable Battery
    • System Reset
    • Hardware Security
    • System Power Controls
    • Voltage Probe
    • Cooling Device
    • Temperature Probe
    • Electrical Current Probe
    • Out-of-band Remote Access
    • Boot Integrity Services
    • System Boot
    • 64-bit Memory Error
    • Management Device
    • Management Device Component
    • Management Device Threshold Data
    • Memory Channel
    • IPMI Device
    • Power Supply
    • Additional Information
    • Onboard Device
    1. [root@localhost ~]# dmidecode -t processor
    2. # dmidecode 2.11
    3. SMBIOS 2.5 present.
    5. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
    6. Processor Information
    7.         Socket Designation: Node 1 Socket 1
    8.         Type: Central Processor
    9.         Family: Xeon MP
    10.         Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
    11.         id: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF
    12.         Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2
    13.         Flags:
    14.                 FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
    15.                 VME (Virtual mode extension)
    16.                 DE (Debugging extension)
    17.                 PSE (Page size extension)
    18.                 TSC (time stamp counter)
    19.                 MSR (Model specific registers)
    20.                 PAE (Physical address extension)
    21.                 MCE (Machine check exception)
    22.                 CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
    23.                 APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)
    25.                 MTRR (Memory type range registers)
    26.                 PGE (Page global enable)
    27.                 MCA (Machine check architecture)
    28.                 CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)
    29.                 PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)
    30.                 CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)
    31.                 DS (Debug store)
    32.                 ACPI (ACPI supported)
    33.                 MMX (MMX technology supported)
    34.                 FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported)
    35.                 SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)
    36.                 SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)
    37.                 ss (Self-snoop)
    38.                 HTT (Multi-threading)
    39.                 TM (Thermal monitor supported)
    40.                 PBE (Pending break enabled)
    41.         Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5620  @ 2.40GHz
    42.         Voltage: 1.2 V
    43.         External Clock: 5866 MHz
    44.         Max Speed: 4400 MHz
    45.         Current Speed: 2400 MHz
    46.         Status: Populated, Enabled
    47.         Upgrade: ZIF Socket
    48.         L1 Cache Handle: 0x0002
    49.         L2 Cache Handle: 0x0003
    50.         L3 Cache Handle: 0x0004
    51.         Serial Number: Not Specified
    52.         Asset Tag: Not Specified
    53.         Part Number: Not Specified
    55.         Core Enabled: 4
    56.         Thread Count: 8
    57.         Characteristics:
    58.                 64-bit capable
    60. Handle 0x0055, DMI type 4, 40 bytes
    61. Processor Information
    62.         Socket Designation: Node 1 Socket 2
    63.         Type: Central Processor
    64.         Family: Xeon MP
    65.         Manufacturer: Not Specified
    66.         ID: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
    67.         Signature: Type 0, Family 0, Model 0, Stepping 0
    68.         Flags: None
    69.         Version: Not Specified
    70.         Voltage: 1.2 V
    71.         External Clock: 5866 MHz
    72.         Max Speed: 4400 MHz
    73.         Current Speed: Unknown
    74.         Status: Unpopulated
    75.         Upgrade: ZIF Socket
    76.         L1 Cache Handle: Not Provided
    77.         L2 Cache Handle: Not Provided
    78.         L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
    79.         Serial Number: Not Specified
    80.         Asset Tag: Not Specified
    81.         Part Number: Not Specified
    82.         Characteristics: None

    查看内存的插槽数，已经使用多少插槽。每条内存多大，已使用内存多大

    查看内存支持的最大内存容量

    1. dmidecode|grep -P 'Maximum\s+Capacity'

    查看内存的频率