6.10. Kafka Connector Tutorial

• Introduction
• • Step 1: Install Apache Kafka
  • Step 3: Make the Kafka topics known to Presto
  • Step 5: Add a topic description file
  • Step 7: Use live data

Installation

This tutorial assumes familiarity with Presto and a working local Prestoinstallation (see ). It will focus onsetting up Apache Kafka and integrating it with Presto.

Download and extract Apache Kafka.

Note

This tutorial was tested with Apache Kafka 0.8.1.It should work with any 0.8.x version of Apache Kafka.

Start ZooKeeper and the Kafka server:

$ bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties
[2013-04-22 15:01:47,028] INFO Verifying properties (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties)
[2013-04-22 15:01:47,051] INFO Property socket.send.buffer.bytes is overridden to 1048576 (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties)
...

This will start Zookeeper on port and Kafka on port 9092.

Step 2: Load data

Download the tpch-kafka loader from Maven central:

$ curl -o kafka-tpch https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/softwareforge/kafka_tpch_0811/1.0/kafka_tpch_0811-1.0.sh
$ chmod 755 kafka-tpch

Now run the kafka-tpch program to preload a number of topics with tpch data:

$ ./kafka-tpch load --brokers localhost:9092 --prefix tpch. --tpch-type tiny
2014-07-28T17:17:07.594-0700     INFO    main    com.facebook.airlift.log.Logging    Logging to stderr
2014-07-28T17:17:07.623-0700     INFO    main    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Processing tables: [customer, orders, lineitem, part, partsupp, supplier, nation, region]
2014-07-28T17:17:07.981-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-1    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'customer' into topic 'tpch.customer'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.981-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-2    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'orders' into topic 'tpch.orders'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.981-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-3    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'lineitem' into topic 'tpch.lineitem'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.982-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-4    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'part' into topic 'tpch.part'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.982-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-5    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'partsupp' into topic 'tpch.partsupp'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.982-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-6    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'supplier' into topic 'tpch.supplier'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.982-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-7    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'nation' into topic 'tpch.nation'...
2014-07-28T17:17:07.982-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-8    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Loading table 'region' into topic 'tpch.region'...
2014-07-28T17:17:10.612-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-8    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.region
2014-07-28T17:17:10.781-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-8    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 5 rows for table 'region'.
2014-07-28T17:17:10.797-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-3    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.lineitem
2014-07-28T17:17:10.932-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-1    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.customer
2014-07-28T17:17:11.068-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-2    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.orders
2014-07-28T17:17:11.200-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-6    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.supplier
2014-07-28T17:17:11.319-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-6    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 100 rows for table 'supplier'.
2014-07-28T17:17:11.333-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-4    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.part
2014-07-28T17:17:11.466-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-5    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.partsupp
2014-07-28T17:17:11.597-0700    ERROR    pool-1-thread-7    kafka.producer.async.DefaultEventHandler    Failed to collate messages by topic, partition due to: Failed to fetch topic metadata for topic: tpch.nation
2014-07-28T17:17:11.706-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-7    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 25 rows for table 'nation'.
2014-07-28T17:17:12.180-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-1    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 1500 rows for table 'customer'.
2014-07-28T17:17:12.251-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-4    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 2000 rows for table 'part'.
2014-07-28T17:17:12.905-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-2    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 15000 rows for table 'orders'.
2014-07-28T17:17:12.919-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-5    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 8000 rows for table 'partsupp'.
2014-07-28T17:17:13.877-0700     INFO    pool-1-thread-3    de.softwareforge.kafka.LoadCommand    Generated 60175 rows for table 'lineitem'.

Kafka now has a number of topics that are preloaded with data to query.

In your Presto installation, add a catalog properties fileetc/catalog/kafka.properties for the Kafka connector.This file lists the Kafka nodes and topics:

connector.name=kafka
kafka.nodes=localhost:9092
kafka.table-names=tpch.customer,tpch.orders,tpch.lineitem,tpch.part,tpch.partsupp,tpch.supplier,tpch.nation,tpch.region
kafka.hide-internal-columns=false

Now start Presto:

$ bin/launcher start

Start the Presto CLI:

$ ./presto --catalog kafka --schema tpch

List the tables to verify that things are working:

Step 4: Basic data querying

Kafka data is unstructured and it has no metadata to describe the format ofthe messages. Without further configuration, the Kafka connector can accessthe data and map it in raw form but there are no actual columns besides thebuilt-in ones:

presto:tpch> DESCRIBE customer;
      Column       |  Type   | Extra |                   Comment
-------------------+---------+-------+---------------------------------------------
 _partition_id     | bigint  |       | Partition Id
 _partition_offset | bigint  |       | Offset for the message within the partition
 _key              | varchar |       | Key text
 _key_corrupt      | boolean |       | Key data is corrupt
 _key_length       | bigint  |       | Total number of key bytes
 _message          | varchar |       | Message text
 _message_corrupt  | boolean |       | Message data is corrupt
 _message_length   | bigint  |       | Total number of message bytes
(11 rows)
 
presto:tpch> SELECT count(*) FROM customer;
 _col0
-------
  1500
 
presto:tpch> SELECT _message FROM customer LIMIT 5;
                                                                                                                                                 _message
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 {"rowNumber":1,"customerKey":1,"name":"Customer#000000001","address":"IVhzIApeRb ot,c,E","nationKey":15,"phone":"25-989-741-2988","accountBalance":711.56,"marketSegment":"BUILDING","comment":"to the even, regular platelets. regular, ironic epitaphs nag e"}
 {"rowNumber":3,"customerKey":3,"name":"Customer#000000003","address":"MG9kdTD2WBHm","nationKey":1,"phone":"11-719-748-3364","accountBalance":7498.12,"marketSegment":"AUTOMOBILE","comment":" deposits eat slyly ironic, even instructions. express foxes detect slyly. blithel
 {"rowNumber":5,"customerKey":5,"name":"Customer#000000005","address":"KvpyuHCplrB84WgAiGV6sYpZq7Tj","nationKey":3,"phone":"13-750-942-6364","accountBalance":794.47,"marketSegment":"HOUSEHOLD","comment":"n accounts will have to unwind. foxes cajole accor"}
 {"rowNumber":7,"customerKey":7,"name":"Customer#000000007","address":"TcGe5gaZNgVePxU5kRrvXBfkasDTea","nationKey":18,"phone":"28-190-982-9759","accountBalance":9561.95,"marketSegment":"AUTOMOBILE","comment":"ainst the ironic, express theodolites. express, even pinto bean
 {"rowNumber":9,"customerKey":9,"name":"Customer#000000009","address":"xKiAFTjUsCuxfeleNqefumTrjS","nationKey":8,"phone":"18-338-906-3675","accountBalance":8324.07,"marketSegment":"FURNITURE","comment":"r theodolites according to the requests wake thinly excuses: pending
(5 rows)
 
presto:tpch> SELECT sum(cast(json_extract_scalar(_message, '$.accountBalance') AS double)) FROM customer LIMIT 10;
   _col0
------------
 6681865.59
(1 row)

The data from Kafka can be queried using Presto but it is not yet inactual table shape. The raw data is available through the _message and columns but it is not decoded into columns. As the sample data isin JSON format, the JSON Functions and Operators built into Presto can be usedto slice the data.

The Kafka connector supports topic description files to turn raw data intotable format. These files are located in the etc/kafka folder in thePresto installation and must end with .json. It is recommended thatthe file name matches the table name but this is not necessary.

Add the following file as etc/kafka/tpch.customer.json and restart Presto:

{
    "tableName": "customer",
    "schemaName": "tpch",
    "topicName": "tpch.customer",
    "key": {
        "dataFormat": "raw",
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "kafka_key",
                "dataFormat": "LONG",
                "type": "BIGINT",
                "hidden": "false"
            }
        ]
    }
}

The customer table now has an additional column: kafka_key.

presto:tpch> DESCRIBE customer;
      Column       |  Type   | Extra |                   Comment
-------------------+---------+-------+---------------------------------------------
 kafka_key         | bigint  |       |
 _partition_id     | bigint  |       | Partition Id
 _partition_offset | bigint  |       | Offset for the message within the partition
 _key              | varchar |       | Key text
 _key_corrupt      | boolean |       | Key data is corrupt
 _key_length       | bigint  |       | Total number of key bytes
 _message          | varchar |       | Message text
 _message_corrupt  | boolean |       | Message data is corrupt
 _message_length   | bigint  |       | Total number of message bytes
(12 rows)
 
 kafka_key
-----------
         0
         1
         2
         3
         4
         5
         6
         7
         8
         9
(10 rows)

The topic definition file maps the internal Kafka key (which is a raw longin eight bytes) onto a Presto BIGINT column.

Step 6: Map all the values from the topic message onto columns

Update the etc/kafka/tpch.customer.json file to add fields for themessage and restart Presto. As the fields in the message are JSON, it usesthe json data format. This is an example where different data formatsare used for the key and the message.

{
    "tableName": "customer",
    "schemaName": "tpch",
    "topicName": "tpch.customer",
    "key": {
        "dataFormat": "raw",
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "kafka_key",
                "dataFormat": "LONG",
                "type": "BIGINT",
                "hidden": "false"
            }
        ]
    },
    "message": {
        "dataFormat": "json",
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "row_number",
                "mapping": "rowNumber",
                "type": "BIGINT"
            },
            {
                "name": "customer_key",
                "mapping": "customerKey",
                "type": "BIGINT"
            },
            {
                "name": "name",
                "mapping": "name",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "address",
                "mapping": "address",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "nation_key",
                "mapping": "nationKey",
                "type": "BIGINT"
            },
            {
                "name": "phone",
                "mapping": "phone",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "account_balance",
                "mapping": "accountBalance",
                "type": "DOUBLE"
            },
            {
                "name": "market_segment",
                "mapping": "marketSegment",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "comment",
                "mapping": "comment",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            }
        ]
    }
}

Now for all the fields in the JSON of the message, columns are defined andthe sum query from earlier can operate on the account_balance column directly:

presto:tpch> DESCRIBE customer;
      Column       |  Type   | Extra |                   Comment
-------------------+---------+-------+---------------------------------------------
 kafka_key         | bigint  |       |
 row_number        | bigint  |       |
 customer_key      | bigint  |       |
 name              | varchar |       |
 address           | varchar |       |
 nation_key        | bigint  |       |
 phone             | varchar |       |
 account_balance   | double  |       |
 market_segment    | varchar |       |
 comment           | varchar |       |
 _partition_id     | bigint  |       | Partition Id
 _partition_offset | bigint  |       | Offset for the message within the partition
 _key              | varchar |       | Key text
 _key_corrupt      | boolean |       | Key data is corrupt
 _key_length       | bigint  |       | Total number of key bytes
 _message          | varchar |       | Message text
 _message_corrupt  | boolean |       | Message data is corrupt
 _message_length   | bigint  |       | Total number of message bytes
(21 rows)
 
presto:tpch> SELECT * FROM customer LIMIT 5;
 kafka_key | row_number | customer_key |        name        |                address                | nation_key |      phone      | account_balance | market_segment |                                                      comment
-----------+------------+--------------+--------------------+---------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1 |          2 |            2 | Customer#000000002 | XSTf4,NCwDVaWNe6tEgvwfmRchLXak        |         13 | 23-768-687-3665 |          121.65 | AUTOMOBILE     | l accounts. blithely ironic theodolites integrate boldly: caref
         3 |          4 |            4 | Customer#000000004 | XxVSJsLAGtn                           |          4 | 14-128-190-5944 |         2866.83 | MACHINERY      |  requests. final, regular ideas sleep final accou
         5 |          6 |            6 | Customer#000000006 | sKZz0CsnMD7mp4Xd0YrBvx,LREYKUWAh yVn  |         20 | 30-114-968-4951 |         7638.57 | AUTOMOBILE     | tions. even deposits boost according to the slyly bold packages. final accounts cajole requests. furious
         7 |          8 |            8 | Customer#000000008 | I0B10bB0AymmC, 0PrRYBCP1yGJ8xcBPmWhl5 |         17 | 27-147-574-9335 |         6819.74 | BUILDING       | among the slyly regular theodolites kindle blithely courts. carefully even theodolites haggle slyly alon
         9 |         10 |           10 | Customer#000000010 | 6LrEaV6KR6PLVcgl2ArL Q3rqzLzcT1 v2    |          5 | 15-741-346-9870 |         2753.54 | HOUSEHOLD      | es regular deposits haggle. fur
(5 rows)
 
presto:tpch> SELECT sum(account_balance) FROM customer LIMIT 10;
   _col0
------------
 6681865.59
(1 row)

Now all the fields from the topic messages are available asPresto table columns.

Setup a live Twitter feed

• Download the twistr tool

$ curl -o twistr https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/softwareforge/twistr_kafka_0811/1.2/twistr_kafka_0811-1.2.sh
$ chmod 755 twistr

• Create a developer account at and set up anaccess and consumer token.
• Create a twistr.properties file and put the access and consumer keyand secrets into it:

Create a tweets table on Presto

Add the tweets table to the etc/catalog/kafka.properties file:

connector.name=kafka
kafka.nodes=localhost:9092
kafka.table-names=tpch.customer,tpch.orders,tpch.lineitem,tpch.part,tpch.partsupp,tpch.supplier,tpch.nation,tpch.region,tweets

Add a topic definition file for the Twitter feed as etc/kafka/tweets.json:

{
    "tableName": "tweets",
    "topicName": "twitter_feed",
    "dataFormat": "json",
    "key": {
        "dataFormat": "raw",
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "kafka_key",
                "dataFormat": "LONG",
                "type": "BIGINT",
                "hidden": "false"
            }
        ]
    },
    "message": {
        "dataFormat":"json",
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "text",
                "mapping": "text",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "user_name",
                "mapping": "user/screen_name",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "lang",
                "mapping": "lang",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "created_at",
                "mapping": "created_at",
                "type": "TIMESTAMP",
                "dataFormat": "rfc2822"
            },
            {
                "name": "favorite_count",
                "mapping": "favorite_count",
                "type": "BIGINT"
            },
            {
                "name": "retweet_count",
                "mapping": "retweet_count",
                "type": "BIGINT"
            },
            {
                "name": "favorited",
                "mapping": "favorited",
                    "type": "BOOLEAN"
            },
            {
                "name": "id",
                "mapping": "id_str",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "in_reply_to_screen_name",
                "mapping": "in_reply_to_screen_name",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            },
            {
                "name": "place_name",
                "mapping": "place/full_name",
                "type": "VARCHAR"
            }
        ]
    }
}

As this table does not have an explicit schema name, it will be placedinto the default schema.

Feed live data

Start the twistr tool:

$ java -Dness.config.location=file:$(pwd) -Dness.config=twistr -jar ./twistr

twistr connects to the Twitter API and feeds the “sample tweet” feedinto a Kafka topic called twitter_feed.

Now run queries against live data:

$ ./presto-cli --catalog kafka --schema default
 
presto:default> SELECT count(*) FROM tweets;
 _col0
-------
  4467
(1 row)
 
presto:default> SELECT count(*) FROM tweets;
 _col0
-------
  4517
(1 row)
 
presto:default> SELECT count(*) FROM tweets;
 _col0
-------
  4572
(1 row)
 
presto:default> SELECT kafka_key, user_name, lang, created_at FROM tweets LIMIT 10;
     kafka_key      |    user_name    | lang |       created_at
--------------------+-----------------+------+-------------------------
 494227746231685121 | burncaniff      | en   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746214535169 | gu8tn           | ja   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746219126785 | pequitamedicen  | es   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746201931777 | josnyS          | ht   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746219110401 | Cafe510         | en   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746210332673 | Da_JuanAnd_Only | en   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227746193956865 | Smile_Kidrauhl6 | pt   | 2014-07-29 14:07:31.000
 494227750426017793 | CashforeverCD   | en   | 2014-07-29 14:07:32.000
 494227750396653569 | FilmArsivimiz   | tr   | 2014-07-29 14:07:32.000
 494227750388256769 | jmolas          | es   | 2014-07-29 14:07:32.000
(10 rows)

There is now a live feed into Kafka which can be queried using Presto.

Epilogue: Time stamps

The tweets feed that was set up in the last step contains a time stamp inRFC 2822 format as created_at attribute in each tweet.

presto:default> SELECT DISTINCT json_extract_scalar(_message, '$.created_at')) AS raw_date
             -> FROM tweets LIMIT 5;
            raw_date
--------------------------------
 Tue Jul 29 21:07:31 +0000 2014
 Tue Jul 29 21:07:32 +0000 2014
 Tue Jul 29 21:07:33 +0000 2014
 Tue Jul 29 21:07:34 +0000 2014
 Tue Jul 29 21:07:35 +0000 2014
(5 rows)

The topic definition file for the tweets table contains a mapping onto atimestamp using the rfc2822 converter:

...
{
    "name": "created_at",
    "mapping": "created_at",
    "type": "TIMESTAMP",
    "dataFormat": "rfc2822"
},
...

This allows the raw data to be mapped onto a Presto timestamp column:

The Kafka connector contains converters for ISO 8601, RFC 2822 textformats and for number-based timestamps using seconds or miillisecondssince the epoch. There is also a generic, text-based formatter which usesJoda-Time format strings to parse text columns.