为模型提供初始化的数据

If you want to automatically load initial data for an app, create adata migration. Migrations are run when setting up thetest database, so the data will be available there, subject to .

Providing data with fixtures

You can also provide data using fixtures, however, this data isn't loadedautomatically, except if you use .

A fixture is a collection of data that Django knows how to import into adatabase. The most straightforward way of creating a fixture if you've alreadygot some data is to use the manage.py dumpdata command.Or, you can write fixtures by hand; fixtures can be written as JSON, XML or YAML(with installed) documents. The serialization documentation has more details about each of these supported.

And here's that same fixture as YAML:

  pk: 1
  fields:
    first_name: John
- model: myapp.person
  pk: 2
  fields:
    last_name: McCartney

You'll store this data in a fixtures directory inside your app.

Loading data is easy: just call <fixturename>, where <fixturename> is the name of the fixture fileyou've created. Each time you run , the data will be readfrom the fixture and re-loaded into the database. Note this means that if youchange one of the rows created by a fixture and then run again, you'll wipe out any changes you've made.

When running , you can alsospecify a path to a fixture file, which overrides searching the usualdirectories.

参见

Fixtures are also used by the testing framework to help set up a consistent test environment.