“引号，Double Quote,

!，Shebang,

号，Pound Sign，Number Sign or Hash Sign,

%号，Percent Sign, 常量

&号，Ampersand,

‘引号，Single Quote or Apostrophe, 继续Hello World

()括号，Parenthesis,

*号，Asterisk, 继续Hello World

.号，Period,

/斜线，Slash, 继续Hello World

1’s Complement,

1-bit Full Adder, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

1GL，1st Generation Programming Language,

2’s Complement, 2’s Complement表示法

2GL，2nd Generation Programming Language,

3GL，3rd Generation Programming Language, 程序和编程语言

4GL，4th Generation Programming Language,

5GL，5th Generation Programming Language, 程序和编程语言

9’s Complement,

:号，Colon, goto语句和标号

;号，Semicolon,

<>括号，Angel Bracket, 数学函数

?号，Question Mark,

[]括号，Bracket, 数组的基本概念

\斜线，Backslash,

_下划线，Underscore, 变量

{}括号，Brace or Curly Brace,

|线，Pipe Sign, 布尔代数

Θ-notation,

分页符，Form Feed, 继续Hello World

响铃，Alert or Bell,

回车，Carriage Return, 继续Hello World

垂直制表符，Vertical Tab,

换行符，Line Feed, 继续Hello World

水平制表符，Horizontal Tab,

空格，Blank, 第一个程序

退格，Backspace,

A

ABI，Application Binary Interface,

Abstraction Layer, 数据抽象

Accumulator,

Adapt, 数据类型标志

Address,

Address Operator, 指针的基本概念

Address Space,

Addressing Mode, 寻址方式

Algorithm,

Alignment, 结构体和联合体

Allocated Storage Duration,

Ambiguity，歧义, 自然语言和形式语言

Amortize,

Anchor, 引言

ANSI，American National Standards Institute,

Append, fopen/fclose

Architecture，体系结构,

Argument，实参, 形参和实参

Arithmetic Type,

Array, 数组的基本概念

ASCII，American Standard Code for Information Interchange，美国信息交换标准码,

Assembler, 最简单的汇编程序

Assembler Directive,

(参见 Pseudo-operation)

Assembler，汇编器, 程序和编程语言

Assembly Language，汇编语言,

Assertion, 折半查找

Assignment，赋值,

Associativity，结合性, 表达式

Asynchronous,

Automatic Storage Duration, 变量的存储布局

Average Case,

B

Backgroud,

Backward Compatibility, 继续Hello World

Base Case,

Base Pointer Addressing Mode, 寻址方式

Basic Multilingual Plane,

Batch, Shell的历史

Best Practice,

BFS，Breadth First Search, 队列与广度优先搜索

Biased Exponent,

Big Endian, CPU

Big-O notation,

Binary, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Binary File,

Binary Operator，双目运算符, 布尔代数

Binary Search,

Binary Tree, 二叉树的基本概念

Bit-field,

Bitwise AND, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bitwise NOT,

Bitwise OR, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bitwise Shift,

Bitwise XOR, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bit，位,

Block, read/write,

Block Bitmap, 总体存储布局

Block Group,

Block Scope, 变量的存储布局

Boilerplate,

Boolean Algebra，布尔代数, 布尔代数

Boot Block,

Bootloader, 设备

Branch,

Break, 虚拟内存管理

Breakpoint,

BST，Binary Search Tree, 排序二叉树

Buffer,

Buffer Overflow, strcpy与strncpy

Bug,

Bus, CPU

Byte,

Byte Order, CPU

C

C89, 继续Hello World

(参见 C90)

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1990)

C90,

(参见 C89)

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1990)

C99, 继续Hello World

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1999)

Cache,

Cache Line, Memory Hierarchy

Call by Value,

Callback Function, 回调函数

Callee,

Caller, 折半查找

Calling Convention,

CamelCase, 标识符命名

Carry,

Cast Operator, 强制类型转换

Catch,

Ceiling, 表达式

Character,

Character Class, 引言

Character Encoding，字符编码,

Child Process, 引言

Circular Linked List,

Circular Queue, 环形队列

Class Invariant,

Clause, if/else语句

Code Path,

Coding Style，代码风格, 继续Hello World

Coercion,

(参见 Implicit Conversion)

Collision, 哈希表

Column-major,

Comma Operator, 逗号运算符

Comment，注释,

Compiler，编译器, 程序和编程语言

Compile，编译,

Composition, 表达式

Compound Assignment Operator,

Compound Literal, 复合类型与结构体

Compound Type,

Condition Variable, Condition Variable

Conditional Operator,

Constant Expression, 全局变量、局部变量和作用域

Constant，常量,

Context，上下文, 自然语言和形式语言

Contract,

Control Flow, if语句

Controlling Expression,

Controlling Terminal, 终端的基本概念

Conversion Specification,

Core Dump, 通过终端按键产生信号

CPU，Central Processing Unit，中央处理器,

(参见 Processor，处理器)

Current Working Directory, fopen/fclose,

D

Daemon,

Dangling-else, if/else语句

Data Abstraction,

Data Block, 总体存储布局

Data Structure,

Data-driven Programming, 多维数组

DbC，Design by Contract,

Dead Code, return语句

Debug，调试,

Decimal，十进制, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Declaration,

Declarative, 程序和编程语言

Decrement Operator,

Default Argument Promotion, Integer Promotion

Definition,

Delimiter, 继续Hello World,

dentry cache, 内核数据结构

Dequeue,

Dereference, 指针的基本概念

Designated Initializer,

Device, 设备

Device Driver,

DFS，Depth First Search, 深度优先搜索

Direct Addressing Mode,

Disassemble, 目标文件

Divide-and-Conquer,

DRAM，Dynamic RAM, Memory Hierarchy

Duff’s Device,

E

Echo,

Element, 数组的基本概念

Encapsulate，封装,

Encapsulation, extern和static关键字,

Enqueue, 队列与广度优先搜索

Enumeration,

Epoch, 数组应用实例：直方图,

Equality Operator, if语句

Escape Sequence，转义序列,

Exception, goto语句和标号,

Executable, ELF文件

Exit Status,

Explicit Conversion, 强制类型转换

Exponent,

Export, extern和static关键字

Extended ASCII,

External Linkage, 变量的存储布局

F

Factorial, 递归

False,

Fetch, 计算机体系结构基础

FIFO，First In First Out,

File Descriptor, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

File Scope,

File Status Flag, fcntl

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard,

Flat, 嵌套结构体

Flip-flop,

Floating Point, 常量

Floor,

Flush, C标准库的I/O缓冲区

Foreground,

Formal Language，形式语言, 自然语言和形式语言

Format String，格式化字符串,

FPU，Floating Point Unit, 浮点型

Function Call，函数调用,

Function Designator, 数学函数

Function Prototype Scope,

Function Scope, 变量的存储布局

Function Type,

Function-like Macro, 函数式宏定义

Functional Programming,

Function，函数, 数学函数

G

Gate, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

GCD，Greatest Common Divisor，最大公约数,

GDT，Group Descriptor Table, 总体存储布局

General-purpose Register,

Generalize，泛化, 数学函数

Generics Algorithm,

Global Variable, 全局变量、局部变量和作用域

Globbing,

Grammar，语法, 自然语言和形式语言

Greedy,

Group Descriptor, 总体存储布局

Half Word,

Handle, fopen/fclose

(参见 Opaque Pointer)

Hard coding,

Hard-float, 浮点型

Header File，头文件,

Header Guard, 头文件

Heap,

Helper Function, 函数

Heredoc，Here Document,

Hexadecimal, 不同进制之间的换算

High-level Language，高级语言,

High-order Function, 回调函数

Highlight，高亮显示,

Histogram, 数组应用实例：直方图

Hungarian notation,

I

Identifier,

IDE，Integrated Development Environment, 为什么要在Linux平台上学C语言？用Windows学C语言不好吗？

IEEE 1003.1,

(参见 POSIX.1)

IEEE 754, 浮点数

ILP32,

Immediate, 最简单的汇编程序

Immediate Mode,

Imperative, 程序和编程语言

Imperative Programming,

Implementation-defined, 整型

Implicit Conversion,

(参见 Coercion)

Implicit Declaration, 自定义函数

Implicit Rule,

Implied, 浮点数

Incremental, , 归并排序

Indent,

Index, 数组的基本概念

Indexed Addressing Mode,

Indirect Addressing Mode, 寻址方式

Indirect Block,

Indirection Operator, 指针的基本概念

Infinite Loop,

Infinite recursion, 递归

Initialization，初始化,

Initializer, 赋值

Inline Assembly,

inline function, 内联函数

inode,

inode Bitmap, 总体存储布局

inode Table,

Input，输入, 程序和编程语言

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,

Instruction Decoder, CPU

Instruction Set，指令集,

Instruction，指令, 程序和编程语言

Integer,

Integer Conversion Rank, Usual Arithmetic Conversion

Integer Promotion,

Integer Type, 字符类型与字符编码

Interactive,

Interface, 形参和实参

Internal Linkage,

Internet Super-Server, 网络登录过程

Interpreter，解释器,

Interpret，解释, 程序和编程语言

Interrupt,

Inverter, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

IPC，InterProcess Communication,

ISO 10646, Unicode和UTF-8

ISO/IEC 9899:1990,

(参见 C89)

(参见 C90)

ISO/IEC 9899:1999, 继续Hello World

(参见 C99)

ISR，Interrupt Service Routine,

Iteration, while语句

J

Job, Session与进程组

Job Control,

K

k-th Order Statistic,

Kernel, 设备

Key-value Pair, , 本节综合练习

Keyword，关键字,

(参见 Reserved Word，保留字)

L

Label,

Leap of Faith, 递归

Lexical，词法,

LIFO，Last In First Out, 堆栈

Line Discipline,

Linear Function, 算法的时间复杂度分析

Linkage,

Linker Script, 多目标文件的链接

Linker，或Link Editor,

Literal，字面, 自然语言和形式语言

Little Endian,

Load, 设备

Loader,

Local Variable，局部变量, 全局变量、局部变量和作用域

Locality,

Logical AND, 布尔代数

Logical NOT,

Logical OR, 布尔代数

Loop Invariant,

Loop Variable, while语句

Loop，循环,

Low Coupling, High Cohesion, 函数类型和函数指针类型

Low-level Language，低级语言,

LP64, 整型

LSB，Least Significant Bit,

lvalue，左值, 表达式

M

Machine Language，机器语言, 程序和编程语言

Macro,

Maintenance, 折半查找

Mantissa,

(参见 Significand)

Mask, 掩码

Mathematical Induction,

Member, 复合类型与结构体

Memberwise Initialization,

Memory, 计算机体系结构基础

Memory Hierarchy,

Memory Leak, malloc与free

Metaphor，隐喻,

MMU，Memory Management Unit，内存管理单元, MMU

Mnemonic，助记符,

Modulo, if/else语句

MSB，Most Significant Bit,

Multi-dimensional Array, 多维数组

Multibyte Character,

Multiplex, 网络登录过程

Mutex，Mutual Exclusive Lock,

N

Name Space,

Natural Language，自然语言, 自然语言和形式语言

Necessary Condition,

Nest，嵌套, 继续Hello World

No Linkage,

Node, 不完全类型和复杂声明

Non-printable Character,

Non-volatile Memory, Memory Hierarchy

Nonblock I/O,

Normalize, 浮点数

Null Character,

Null Statement, if语句

Null-terminated String,

O

Object File,

(参见 Relocatable)

Object-like Macro, 函数式宏定义

Octal,

Offset, 以字节为单位的I/O函数

Old Style C,

Opaque Pointer, fopen/fclose

(参见 Handle)

Operand，操作数,

Operating System, 程序和编程语言,

Operator，运算符, 表达式

Out-of-band,

Output，输出, 程序和编程语言

Overflow,

Override, 作为交互登录Shell启动，或者使用—login参数启动

Padding,

Page Frame，页帧, MMU

Page in,

Page out, 虚拟内存管理

Page Table,

Page，页, MMU

Paging，换页,

Parameter，形参, 形参和实参

Parent Process,

Parity, if/else语句

Parity Check,

Parse，解析, 自然语言和形式语言

Pattern,

PA，Physical Address，物理地址, MMU

PCB，Process Control Block,

PC，Program Counter, CPU

Placeholder,

Plane, Unicode和UTF-8

Platform Independent，平台无关的,

Pointer, 堆栈

Poll,

Pop, 堆栈

Portable，可移植,

Position Independent Code, 编译、链接、运行

Positional Parameter,

POSIX.1, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

(参见 IEEE 1003.1)

POSIX，Portable Operating System Interface,

Post-mortem Debug, 通过终端按键产生信号

Postcondition,

Postfix Decrement Operator, for语句

Postfix Increment Operator,

Precondition , 折半查找

Predecessor,

Prededence，优先级, 表达式

Predicate,

Prefix Increment Operator, for语句

Preprocess,

Preprocessing Directive, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

Prerequisite,

Primitive Type, 复合类型与结构体

Privileged Mode,

Procedure Abstraction, 复合类型与结构体

Process,

Process Descriptor, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

Process Group,

Process Group Leader, Session与进程组

Processor，处理器,

(参见 CPU，Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)

Programming Language，编程语言, 程序和编程语言

Program，程序,

Prototype, 自定义函数

Pseudo TTY,

Pseudo-operation, 最简单的汇编程序

(参见 Assembler Directive)

Pseudocode,

Pseudorandom, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

PTY Master,

PTY Slave, 网络登录过程

Push,

Q

Quadratic Function,

Quantifier, 引言

R

Race Condition, 竞态条件与sigsuspend函数

Radix,

Random Access Memory, Memory Hierarchy

Rationale,

Recurrence, 归并排序

Recursive,

Redundancy，冗余, 自然语言和形式语言

Redundant Array of Independent Disks，独立磁盘冗余阵列,

Reference, 指针的基本概念

Reference Count,

Register, CPU

Register Addressing Mode,

Regular Expression, 引言

Regular File,

Relational Operator, if语句

Release,

Relocatable, ELF文件

(参见 Object File)

Remainder,

Reserved Word，保留字, 变量

(参见 Keyword，关键字)

Resource Limit,

Return Value，返回值, 数学函数

Reuse,

Ripple Carry Adder, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Row-major,

Rule, 基本规则

Rule of Least Surprise,

Run-time，运行时, 程序的调试

Running,

rvalue，右值, 表达式

(参见 Value，值)

S

Scaffold, 增量式开发

Scalar Type,

Scientific Notation, 浮点数

Scope,

Script, Shell的历史

Section,

Sector, 实例剖析

sed，Stream Editor,

Seed, 数组应用实例：直方图

Segment,

Selection Statement, if语句

Semantic，语义,

Semaphore, Semaphore

Sentinel,

Sequence Point, Side Effect与Sequence Point

Session,

Session Leader, Session与进程组

Shared Object，or Shared Library,

Short-circuit, Side Effect与Sequence Point

Side Effect,

Sign and Magnitude, Sign and Magnitude表示法

Sign Bit,

Sign Extension, 编译器如何处理类型转换

Signal Mask,

Signed Number, 有符号数和无符号数

Significance Loss,

Significand, 浮点数

(参见 Mantissa)

Single Linked List,

Single Pass, 数组应用实例：直方图

Sleep,

Slot, 哈希表

Soft-float,

Source Code，源代码, 程序和编程语言

Sparse,

Special Case, 单链表

Special-purpose Register,

SQL，Structured Query Language，结构化查询语言, 程序和编程语言

SRAM，Static RAM,

Stack, 递归

Stack Frame,

Standalone, 网络登录过程

Standard Error,

Standard Input, stdin/stdout/stderr

Standard Output,

Startup Routine, main函数和启动例程

Statement,

Statement Block, if语句

Static Storage Duration,

Stem, 隐含规则和模式规则

Storage Class Specifier,

Storage Duration，or Lifetime, 变量的存储布局

Stratify,

Stream, 以字节为单位的I/O函数

String Literal,

Structure, 自然语言和形式语言

Substring,

Successor, 深度优先搜索

Sufficient Condition,

Super Block, 总体存储布局

Surrogate Pair,

SUS，Single UNIX Specification, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

Swap Device，交换设备,

Symbol, 最简单的汇编程序

Syntax，语法,

System Call, 最简单的汇编程序

T

Tag, 复合类型与结构体

Target,

Terminal, stdin/stdout/stderr

Ternary Operator,

Text File, 文件的基本概念

The Open Group,

Tight Loop, read/write

Timing,

Token, 自然语言和形式语言

Translation Unit,

Traversal, 数组的基本概念

Trigraph,

True, if语句

Truncate, , open/close

Truncate toward Zero,

Truth Table，真值表, 布尔代数

Type,

Type Cast, 强制类型转换

Type Qualifier,

U

UCS-2,

UCS-4, Unicode和UTF-8

UCS，Universal Character Set,

Unary Operator，单目运算符, 布尔代数

Unbound Pointer,

Unbuffered I/O, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

Undefined,

Underflow, Sign and Magnitude表示法

Unicode,

Unicode Transformation Format, Unicode和UTF-8

Uniform Distribution,

Unsigned Number, 有符号数和无符号数

Unspecified,

Upper Bound, 算法的时间复杂度分析

User Mode,

Usual Arithmetic Conversion, Usual Arithmetic Conversion

UTC，Coordinated Universal Time,

UTF-16, Unicode和UTF-8

UTF-32,

UTF-8, Unicode和UTF-8

V

Value-result, 传入参数与传出参数

Value，值,

(参见 rvalue，右值)

Variable Argument, 形参和实参

Variable，变量,

VA，Virtual Address，虚拟地址, MMU

VFS，Virtual Filesystem,

Virtual Memory Management，虚拟内存管理, MMU

Virtual Terminal,

VLA，Variable Length Array, 数组的基本概念

Volatile Memory,

Von Neumann Architecture, 计算机体系结构基础

W

Watchpoint, 观察点

Whitespace,

Wide Character, 在Linux C编程中使用Unicode和UTF-8

Wildcard,

Wire, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Word,

Worst Case, 算法的时间复杂度分析

XOR，eXclusive OR,

XSI，X/Open System Interface, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

Z

Zombie, wait和waitpid函数